Why Is Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on the Rise? 6 Things to Know > News > Yale Medicine 

Systemic Diseases with Renal Manifestations 

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 Epidemiology

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the Unites States. As of 2005, diabetes mellitus (DM) accounted for approximately 45% of new ESRD patients [1]. Recent analyses suggest that the incident rate of ESRD caused by DM (defined as number of new patients who have diabetic nephropathy/ 1 million general population/year) has been plateauing since 2001. 

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Lupus nephritis 

Systematic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a multi system, autoimmune connective issue disorder characterized by a wide variety of clinical presentations. It is seen predominantly in women (the female to male ration is 9:1) and most commonly manifests between the second and fifth decade of age. It is associated with substantial morbidity and early mortality. 

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Congestive heart failure

Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) accounts for 90% of the more than 1 million annual hospitalizations for congestive heart failure (CHF) [59]. Pre-existing or worsening renal failure is commonly associated with ADHF and in fact may precipitate decompensation [61]. The frequent occurrence of combined cardiac and renal dysfunction in CHF..